Monel is a high performance alloy that has min 63% nickel and 28-34% copper content.It also has added iron and manganese which enhance material properties and make monel tubes perfect for different industrial usage.It shows good resistance to chloride related stress corrosion cracking and hence can be found in the marine sectors.
There are different grades of the monel material like 400 and K-500.The former has a tensile strength of 400 ksi in a cold drawn annealed state.K-500 is stronger but more prone to stress corrosion cracking than 400 grade.
he tubes can resist corrosion from acids and fire even in the presence of oxygen.They are preferred in harsh environments but have a higher cost than the standard stainless steel grades.
Monel seamless tubes show great mechanical properties at subzero temperature.It can be effectively used up to 1000 °F as the material has a melting point of 2370-2460 °F.However, the specific operating temperature of the seamless tube will depend on the monel grade.
Monel tubing
Monel seamless tube
Monel alloy annealed tube
Monel tubing is widely used for various applications in marine engineering and chemical industries.The tubes are an eminent part of hydrocarbon processing equipment.
They are also found in high temperature services like valves, pumps, heat exchangers, shafts, etc.The 400 grade is used in metal instruments and eyeglass frames.
Size | Thickness | Length |
---|---|---|
upto 3" OD | 1 mm to 7.62 mm | 3 meter |
Specification | Grades | Condition |
ASTM B165 | Monel 400, 401, 404, 405, K500 | AP, Polished, BA, Cold Drawn, MF |
Monel alloy extruded tube
Monel redrawn tube
Monel metal condenser tubes
STANDARD | UNS | EN | AFNOR | WERKSTOFF NR.equivalents | GOST | JIS | BS |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Alloy K500 | N05500 | – | – | 2.4375 | – | – | – |
Alloy 400 | N04400 | NiCu30Fe | NU-30M | 2.4360 | МНЖМц 28-2,5-1,5 | NW 4400 | NA 13 |
Tensile strength, Ultimate | 550 Mpa |
---|---|
Tensile strength, Yield | 240 Mpa |
Elongation at Break | 48% |
Monel Grade | ASTM/AISI Alloy Type | UNS No. | %Cu | %Ti | %Si | %Ni | %Fe | %Mn | %Al |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Monel 400 | B 127/ B 164 | N04400 | 28-34 | Max 0.5 | Min.63 | Max 2.5 | Max 2.0 | ||
Monel K500 | B 865 | N05500 | 27-33 | 0.35-0.85 | Max 0.5 | Min.63 | Max 2.0 | Max 1.5 | 2.3-3.15 |
Monel 401 | N04401 | 28-34 | Max 0.5 | Min.63 | Max 2.5 | Max 2.0 | |||
Monel 405 | B 164 | N04405 | 28-34 | Max 0.5 | Min.63 | Max 2.5 | Max 2.0 | ||
Monel 404 | N04404 | Remaining | Max 0.1 | 52-57 | Max 0.5 | Max 0.1 | Max 0.05 |
Monel alloy annealed tubes undergo a heat treatment process which improves their ductility and reduces hardness.They are mostly used for various forming operations.Monel redrawn tubes are extruded multiple times to give specific dimensions along with a tight tolerance.
Thus, the difference between them is in the way they are manufactured.The annealed tubes offer higher workability and redrawn tubes come with a precise dimension.
The cutting speeds for Monel alloy extruded tube depend on the material grade, tube diameter and wall thickness.It also varies with the type of cutting tool used and the machining process.
Also, monel is a hard material that shows work-hardening properties.This can have an impact on their cutting speed.
Monel is more expensive than standard stainless steel grades.Thus, they should only be used in critical applications where substitute materials will not work.It costs around 4 to 5 times the price of copper or nickel.Monel tubing suppliers state that the following are the reasons behind this high price:
Specifications: | ASTM B829, ASTM B165,ASTM B751 ASTM B775, ASTM B730, ASTM B163, AMS 4574, ASTM B725 |
UNS: | N04400 |
International Specifications: | VdTUV 2635, din 17752, |
THICKNESS RANGE (INCH) | GAUGE | TYPICAL VALUE (INCH) |
---|---|---|
0.031 - 0.035 inch | 20 | 0.035 |
0.175 - 0.185 inch | 7 | 0.18 |
0.025 - 0.029 inch | 22 | 0.028 |
0.044 - 0.049 inch | 18 | 0.049 |
0.038 - 0.042 inch | 19 | 0.042 |
0.053 - 0.058 inch | 17 | 0.058 |
0.066 - 0.074 inch | 15 | 0.072 |
0.060 - 0.065 inch | 16 | 0.065 |
0.075 - 0.085 inch | 14 | 0.083 |
0.101 - 0.111 inch | 12 | 0.109 |
0.087 - 0.097 inch | 13 | 0.095 |
0.112 - 0.122 inch | 11 | 0.12 |
0.140 - 0.150 inch | 9 | 0.148 |
0.126 - 0.136 inch | 10 | 0.134 |
0.157 - 0.167 inch | 8 | 0.165 |
Surface Finish | (OD) Exterbal Surface | (ID)Internal Surface | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
(RA)Roughness Average | (RA) Roughness Average | ||||
μm | μ inch | μm | μ inch | ||
BA | Beight Annealed | 0.8 | 32 | 1.0,0.8,0.6,0.5 | 40,32,25,20 |
AP | Annealed & Pickled | 1.0 or Not defined | 40 or Not defined | Not defined | Not defined |
EP | Electro Polish | 0.8 | 32 | 0.38,0.25,0.20;0.13 | 15,10,7,5 |
MP | Mechanical Polish | 0.8 | 32 | 1.0,0.8,0.6,0.5 | 40,32,25,20 |
USA | AISI | Acronym of American Iron and Steel Institute |
USA | ASTM | Ameirican Society of Mechanical Engineers |
GER | DIN | Deutsches Institut für Normung e.V. |
JP | JIS | Japanese Industrial Standards |
USA | UNS | Unified Numbering System |
WALL | DIMENSIONS | WEIGHT PER | WALL | DIMENSIONS | WEIGHT PER |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
(MM) | (MM) | METRE (KG) | (MM) | (MM) | METRE (KG) |
1.50 | 12.7 x 12.7 | 0.55 | 1.50 | 40 x40 | 1.85 |
1.20 | 12.7 x 12.7 | 0.44 | 1.20 | 40 x40 | 1.49 |
1.50 | 15 x 15 | 0.65 | 3.00 | 40 x40 | 3.75 |
1.20 | 15 x 15 | 0.53 | 2.00 | 40 x40 | 2.45 |
1.20 | 20 x 20 | 0.71 | 1.50 | 50 x50 | 2.32 |
2.00 | 20 x 20 | 1.19 | 3.00 | 50 x50 | 4.65 |
1.50 | 20 x 20 | 0.88 | 2.00 | 50 x50 | 3.08 |
1.20 | 25 x 25 | 0.92 | 2.00 | 60 x60 | 3.71 |
2.00 | 25 x 25 | 1.49 | 3.00 | 70 x70 | 6.53 |
1.50 | 25 x 25 | 1.14 | 3.00 | 60 x60 | 5.49 |
3.00 | 25 x 25 | 2.20 | 2.00 | 80 x80 | 4.98 |
1.50 | 30 x 30 | 1.37 | 2.00 | 100 x 100 | 6.40 |
1.20 | 30 x 30 | 1.10 | 3.00 | 80 x80 | 7.53 |
3.00 | 30 x 30 | 2.72 | |||
2.00 | 30 x 30 | 1.84 | 3.00 | 100 x 100 | 9.53 |
WALL THICKNESS INCHES | O.D.INCHES | O.D.+/- INCHES |
---|---|---|
.025 to .065 | 1 to 1-1/2" incl. | .008 |
Over .065 to .134 | .010 | |
.025 to .065 | 1/2" to 1" incl. | .005 |
Over .065 to .134 | .010 | |
.083 to .165 | 3-1/2" to 5" incl. | .020 |
Over .165 to .220 | .025 | |
.032 to .065 | 2" to 2-1/2" incl. | .012 |
Over .065 to .109 | .013 | |
Over .109 to .165 | .014 | |
.025 to .049 | 1-1/2" to 2" incl. | .010 |
Over .049 to .083 | .011 | |
Over .083 to .148 | .012 | |
.032 to .165 | 2-1/2" to 3-1/2" incl. | .014 |
Over .165 to .220 | .020 |
Tube O.D. (in.) |
Wall Thickness of Tube (inches) | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
.065 | .035 | .028 | .049 | .095 | .083 | .120 | .109 | |
Working Pressure (psig) |
||||||||
1 | 2200 | 3400 | 2900 | 4300 | 3900 | |||
1/4 | 9500 | 4800 | 3700 | 7000 | ||||
1/8 | 10100 | 7900 | ||||||
1/2 | 4400 | 2300 | 3200 | |||||
5/16 | 7300 | 3700 | 5400 | |||||
3/8 | 6100 | 3100 | 4400 | |||||
3/4 | 3000 | 2200 | 4600 | 4000 |
Luster | Metallic [9] |
Color/Appearance | Gray [6] |
Density | 8.80X103 Kg/M3 [2] |
Melting Point | 1300 – 1350°C [1] |
Hardness | 110-150 HB [7] |
State Of Matter At Room Temperature (Normal Phase) | Solid [9] |
Resistivity | 54.7X10-8 Ohm-M [2] |
Thermal Conductivity | 21.8 W/(M K) [1] |
Specific Heat Capacity | 427 J/(Kg*K) [2] |
Tensile Strength (Annealed) | 550 MPa [2] |
Modulus Of Elasticity | 179 GPa [2] |